Authors

Abstract

Taking into account the physicochemical properties of soil and the complexity of adhesion interface, how to improve the soil adhesion on the mechanical surface is a crucial technical issue. In order to lower the increasing resistance caused by soil adhesion on the surface of a digging shovel in potato harvesting, a potato digging shovel with a non-smooth surface structure was designed based on bionics theory. Based on testing physical and mechanical properties of soil, a soil groove model corresponding to soil physical properties and particle model physical properties was established through a combination of simulation and physical tests, and a simulation test for evaluating the drag reduction performance was conducted. The simulation comparison test results show that the performance of the bionic digging shovel is better than that of the traditional potato digging shovel, regardless of whether the broken soil rate or the working resistance is reduced, and the soil adhered to the mechanical surface can be effectively reduced by 93.3%. The research results can provide ideas and methods for solving the adhesion problem between machinery and soil.

Abstract in English

考虑到土壤的理化性质和粘附表面的复杂特性，如何改善土壤与机具表面之间的粘附状况是一个非常重要的技术问题。为解决马铃薯收获过程中因土壤粘附于挖掘铲表面造成阻力增大的问题，基于仿生学理论设计了一种具有非光滑表面结构的马铃薯挖掘铲。在测得土壤表征参数的基础上，通过仿真与物理试验相结合的方法，建立了与土壤物理特性和颗粒模型物理特性相对应的土槽模型，通过模拟仿真对减阻效果进行了评估。通过对比仿真与试验，结果表明，无论碎土率还是工作阻力，仿生挖掘铲的效果都优于传统的马铃薯挖掘铲，且土壤和粘附在机械表面的数量可以有效地降低93.3%。该研究结果可以为解决机具与土壤的粘附问题提供思路和方法。